In Ayurveda, states of diseases are broadly classified into Tridosha (Three Elements) -Vaat (Airy), Pitta (Bilious) and Kapha (Phlegmatic). These elements help in the diagnosis of diseases and its remedies. The Tridoshas associated with the planets are as follows:

Sun -Bilious

Moon -Airy and Phlegmatic

Mars -Bilious

Mercury – Airy, Bilious and Phlegmatic

Jupiter – Phlegmatic

Venus -Airy

Saturn -Airy

यत् पिण्डे तत् ब्रह्माण्डे, meaning – “All that is outside you is within you,” OR “Your body is a miniature universe.” OR “Macrocosm within the Microcosm” Pindanda means “microcosm” and Brahmanda means “macrocosm“; thus, a more literal translation would be “Whatever is in the microcosm is also in the macrocosm.” 

The macro-cosmos consisting of entire cosmos which in turn is encompassed with panch bhootas namely Aakash (Ether), Vayu (Air), Agni (Fire), Jal (Water) and Prithvi (Earth). Thus, in a way we can conclude that all the planets are in a way inside your body. The proportion of Vaat (Airy), Pitta (Bilious) and Kapha (Phlegmatic) may vary from person to person.

Every human body is prone to diseases of varied nature. The type of disease one gets depends upon one’s past karmas or deeds in the previous birth.

Let us understand the planet linkages to the microcosm (human body):

1. Sun and Moon rule 2 eyes
2. Mercury and Venus rule nostrils (tip of the nose represents Mercury and the rest of the nose is Jupiter)
3. Saturn and Mars rule ears
4. Jupiter rules speech
5. Rahu and Ketu rules excretory organs

Let us understand the planet linkages with body parts:

1. Sun – Heart, Eyesight, General Body, Constitution, General Health
2. Moon – Breast, mind, head, chest, Kidney, Water in Body
3. Mars -Blood, bone marrow, genitals, rectum, veins, head, female organs, Fore-head, vitality, pregnancy problems, blood pressure, anger, aggression, menstrual cycle.
4. Mercury – Tongue, arms, mouth, chest, spinal cord, gall bladder, nerves, skin, memory
5. Jupiter – Fat, kidney, liver, tongue, higher mental plane, Diabetes.
6. Saturn – All types of joints, particularly knee cap and knee joints, arthritis and muscular pains, feet.
7. Venus – Eye trouble, pigmentation causing ugliness, legs, hair, sweat glands, fatigue, weakness, piles.
8. Rahu – Bad Teeth, dental problems, suicidal tendencies, murderous acts, maniacs, excretory organs, genitals.
9. Ketu – Feet, excretory organs, impotency.

Below table indicates Nakshatra – Body Parts – Associated Illness

Astrologically, above diseases can be kept under control by propitiating the respective Nakshatra devatas.